Windows Firewall: what it does and how to check it
A firewall decides what's allowed to connect to your PC and what's blocked. Windows has one built in, and it's on by default. It's worth knowing it's there and how to check it.
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Windows firewall vs router firewall
You actually have two firewalls. Your router has one that protects your whole home network from the outside. Windows has one that protects your individual PC, including when you're out on other networks. Both matter, and the Windows one travels with your laptop.
Confirm it's on
Open Windows Security > Firewall & network protection. You'll see your networks listed (Domain, Private, Public). Each should say the firewall is on. If any says off, click it and switch it back on.
About app exceptions
Sometimes a program asks to be allowed through the firewall. Allow it only if you recognise the program and expected the request. If a pop-up appears for something you don't know, choose Cancel. You can always allow it later if something you trust stops working.
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